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This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

What is vertigo?

Vertigo is the sensation that you or your surroundings are spinning, even when still. It's usually caused by a problem in the inner ear, such as BPPV (loose crystals), labyrinthitis (inflammation), or Meniere's disease. Episodes can last seconds to hours and may come with nausea or balance problems. Most causes are treatable — a GP can often diagnose the cause from symptoms.

When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP

  • You have vertigo that will not go away or keeps coming back.
  • You have vertigo and.
  • Have a severe headache.
  • Are being sick or feel very sick.
  • Have a very high temperature, or feel hot, cold or shivery.
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Self-care information from NHS

  • Lie still in a quiet, dark room to reduce the spinning feeling.
  • Move your head carefully and slowly during daily activities.
  • Sit down straight away when you feel dizzy.
  • Turn on the lights if you get up at night.
  • Use a walking stick if you're at risk of falling.
  • Sleep with your head slightly raised on 2 or more pillows.
  • Get out of bed slowly and sit on the edge of the bed for a while before standing up.
  • Try to relax – anxiety can make vertigo worse.

Common questions

What's the difference between vertigo and dizziness?

Dizziness is a broad term for feeling lightheaded or unsteady. Vertigo specifically describes a spinning sensation — like the room is moving around you — and usually points to an inner-ear or brain problem.

How is vertigo treated?

Treatment depends on cause. BPPV responds to specific head manoeuvres (like the Epley manoeuvre). Labyrinthitis usually settles on its own. Meniere's disease may need medication and diet changes. A GP can advise or refer you to an ENT specialist.

When is vertigo serious?

Call 999 or go to A&E if vertigo comes with severe headache, weakness, numbness, slurred speech, or vision changes — these can be signs of a stroke. Most vertigo is not dangerous, but sudden severe vertigo with other symptoms needs urgent assessment.

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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.