NHS information · Pelvis

Worried about hiatus hernia?

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This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

What is hiatus hernia?

A hiatus hernia happens when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest cavity. Many people have one without symptoms, but it can cause heartburn, acid reflux, chest discomfort, and difficulty swallowing. Most cases are managed with lifestyle changes and medicines that reduce stomach acid; surgery is only needed for severe cases.

When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP

  • Your symptoms do not go away after 3 weeks.
  • Your symptoms are very bad or getting worse.
  • Medicines from a pharmacy do not help.
  • You have indigestion or acid reflux and.
  • You have lost weight without trying.
  • Swallowing becomes difficult.
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Self-care information from NHS

  • Eat smaller, more frequent meals.
  • Raise the head end of your bed by 10 to 20cm so your chest and head are above the level of your waist, which can stop stomach acid travelling up towards your throat.
  • Try to lose weight if you're overweight.
  • Try to find ways to relax.
  • Do not have food or drink that triggers your symptoms.
  • Do not eat within 3 or 4 hours of going to bed.
  • Do not wear clothes that are tight around your waist.
  • Do not smoke.

Common questions

What are the symptoms of a hiatus hernia?

Common symptoms include heartburn (a burning feeling in the chest), acid reflux, chest pain, bloating, burping, and sometimes difficulty swallowing. Many people have no symptoms at all and find out they have one during tests for something else.

What foods should I avoid with a hiatus hernia?

Foods that commonly trigger reflux include spicy foods, fatty or fried foods, chocolate, coffee, alcohol, and citrus. Eating smaller meals, not lying down soon after eating, and raising the head of the bed can help reduce symptoms.

Does a hiatus hernia need surgery?

Most hiatus hernias don't need surgery and are controlled with medication and lifestyle changes. Surgery (usually keyhole) may be considered if symptoms are severe, medicines don't help, or complications develop.

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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.