This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
What is croup?
Croup is a viral infection of the upper airways, mostly affecting children under 5. It causes a distinctive barking cough, a hoarse voice, and sometimes noisy breathing (stridor). Symptoms are often worse at night. Most cases are mild and settle within a week, but severe croup can cause breathing difficulty and needs urgent medical assessment.
When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP
- You think your child may have croup – the doctor may give your child medicine to shorten the illness.
- Your child is getting worse or not getting better after seeing a GP.
- Occasionally, your child may be referred to hospital if they're more seriously ill or they're under the age of 3 months.
Self-care information from NHS
- Croup usually gets better on its own within 48 hours. If 111, or a doctor, confirms your child has mild croup, there are things you can do to help them feel better.
- Sit your child upright and try not to let them lie down.
- Comfort them if they're distressed and try to keep them calm (crying can make the symptoms worse).
- Give them plenty of fluids.
- Check on them regularly, including at night.
- Give them paracetamol or ibuprofen to help ease a high temperature or any discomfort.
- Do not put your child in a steamy room or get them to inhale steam.
Common questions
What does croup sound like?
The hallmark is a harsh, barking cough — often compared to a seal. Children may also have a hoarse voice, noisy breathing in (stridor), and cold-like symptoms. The cough is often worse at night and when upset.
How do I treat croup at home?
Stay calm and comfort your child — getting upset makes breathing harder. Keep them upright, offer fluids, and use paracetamol or ibuprofen for fever. Cool night air or sitting in a steamy bathroom may help. Don't give cough medicines.
When should I call 999 for croup?
Call 999 if your child has severe breathing difficulty, their lips or tongue look blue, they can't swallow, they're drooling more than usual, or they become very drowsy or limp. Any of these signs means urgent help is needed.
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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.