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Worried about ear infections?

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This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

What is ear infections?

Otitis externa is an infection or inflammation of the outer ear canal. It causes ear pain, itching, discharge, and sometimes temporary hearing loss. It's common after swimming, in humid conditions, or from using cotton buds. Most cases are treated with antibiotic or antifungal ear drops from a GP. It usually clears within a week of treatment.

When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP

  • You have severe ear pain.
  • There is discharge from the ear.
  • You can't hear properly.
  • Symptoms haven't improved after a few days of self-care.
  • You have diabetes or a weakened immune system — outer ear infections can be more serious.
  • Ear pain is accompanied by fever, swelling around the ear, or facial weakness.
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Self-care information from NHS

  • Keep the affected ear dry — use a shower cap or cotton wool with petroleum jelly when bathing.
  • Don't put anything in the ear — no cotton buds, fingers, or earphones until it's healed.
  • Take paracetamol or ibuprofen for pain.
  • Remove hearing aids or earbuds until symptoms settle.
  • After swimming, tilt your head to drain water from each ear.
  • Use prescribed ear drops as directed — lie with the affected ear facing up for a few minutes after applying.

Common questions

How long does otitis externa take to heal?

With antibiotic or antifungal ear drops, symptoms usually improve within a few days and clear fully within 7 to 10 days. Keep using drops for the full course even if symptoms improve. Chronic cases may take longer.

Can I swim with otitis externa?

Avoid swimming until the infection has fully cleared — usually 7 to 10 days after starting treatment. Water in the ear canal can worsen the infection and delay healing. Afterwards, use earplugs or a swimming headband to prevent recurrence.

How can I prevent otitis externa?

Keep ears dry after swimming or bathing, don't use cotton buds, and avoid getting shampoo or soap in your ears. If you swim regularly, consider custom-fitted earplugs. Dry ears gently with a towel after water exposure.

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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.