NHS information · Head

Worried about earwax build-up?

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This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

What is earwax build-up?

Earwax is normal and protects the ear canal, but a build-up can cause hearing loss, earache, tinnitus, or dizziness. Earwax usually falls out on its own. If it builds up, pharmacy ear drops can soften it. Never use cotton buds — they push wax deeper. A GP or nurse can remove stubborn wax by irrigation or microsuction.

When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP

  • You have symptoms of earwax build-up which have not cleared after 5 days.
  • Your ear is badly blocked and you cannot hear anything (you could get an infection if it has not cleared).
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Self-care information from NHS

  • Speak to a pharmacist about earwax build-up. They can give advice and suggest treatments.
  • They might recommend medicines to dissolve the earwax. The earwax should fall out on its own or dissolve after about a week.
  • Do not use drops if you have a hole in your eardrum (a perforated eardrum).

Common questions

How do I safely remove earwax?

Use olive oil or sodium bicarbonate ear drops from a pharmacy — put 2 to 3 drops in twice a day for 3 to 5 days. Lie on your side with the affected ear facing up for a few minutes. Never use cotton buds, fingers, or ear candles.

When should I see a GP about earwax?

See a GP if symptoms haven't improved after 5 days of using drops, if your ear is badly blocked and you can't hear, or if you have ear pain, discharge, or dizziness alongside the blockage.

Can earwax cause hearing loss?

Yes — a large plug of earwax can block the ear canal enough to reduce hearing. This is temporary and improves once the wax is removed. If hearing loss persists after removal, a GP may refer you for a hearing test.

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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.